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Online check-in
Passport number: length check (9 chars), type check (letters + numbers), presence check (can't board without it). Date of birth: range check (must be a valid past date).
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NHS patient records
NHS number: exactly 10 digits (length check). Blood type: dropdown list (A+, A-, B+, B-, AB+, AB-, O+, O-). Allergies: presence check with default "None known".
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E-commerce checkout
Card expiry: format check (MM/YY), range check (must be future date). Postcode: format check (UK postcode pattern). Quantity: range check (1–99, can't order 0 or -5 items).